China lathe of mediaeval star numerical control a few kinds be opposite accurately knife method

"Useful " it is this print, especially the tenet of this column. The article is a very practical article, numerical control lathe introduced above all in article commonly used " try cut pair of knife ways " the principle reachs pair of knife train of thought; Then, introduced China 4 kinds of hands of system of numerical control of mediaeval star turning are moved try cut pair of knife methods; Be opposite to improve its knife precision, basis " try automatically cut → to measure → error to compensate " train of thought, what the design went out to use programme controll is automatic try cut a way, sum up introduced 4 kinds to be opposite accurately knife method. Programs of a few kinds of give typical examples to the knife still gave out after article, may help somewhat to everybody. It is the main operation in CNC Machining and main mastery of a skill or technique to the knife. Decided the treatment precision of the spare parts to the accuracy of the knife, in the meantime, still affect CNC Machining efficiency directly to knife efficiency. China system of mediaeval star turning is the system of outstanding and homebred CNC Turning that joint-stock company of the numerical control in Wuhan China rolls out in recent years, was 2004 the designation of contest of skill of numerical control of first whole nation one of CNC Turning systems. But regretful is, china in the company passes his more before technical personnel is oral operate to the knife to user specification, write in them " operation manual " in did not mention pair of knife operations however, learn to the user, use bring inconvenience. The author passes practice exploration, textual research of combinative education, skill grooms the experience that carries out with treatment, try a few kinds of this system well and truly quickly cut pair of knife methods to give brief summary, consult for everybody, the hope lends this pair of homebred numerical control systematic promotion, those who urge talented person of skill of our country numerical control groom meager strength. One, pair of knife train of thought that keep what numerical control car tries the principle that cuts pair of knife ways and lathe of numerical control of thorough to knife train of thought understanding clear to handlers to knife principle, adroitness control is right knife operation and put forward pair of new knife methods to have direct sense. The program origin that is the workpiece coordinate department that follow process designing certainly and changes to the essence of the knife fastens medium seat in exclusive machine tool coordinate. It is the machine tool coordinate that gains starting point of fiducial knife program and affirmatory blame to the main job of the knife fiducial knife slants at the knife of fiducial knife relatively buy. The article makes the following agreement explain try cut a way the principle to the knife and train of thought: Use China HNC-21T of system of mediaeval star education turning (date of application software version is 5.

30) ; With workpiece center of right end panel is program origin, dictate with G92 set workpiece coordinate is fastened; Diametical process designing, the workpiece coordinate of program start H is (100, 50) ; Tool carrier makes up 4 knives: A knife is 3 round essence lathe tool, knives outside 90 ° to be knife of whorl of 60 ° triangle to cut off 4 knife, knives for 2 thick lathe tool of the circle outside 90 ° , fiducial knives (full text place cites example all as identical as this) . If the graph is shown 1 times, fiducial knife according to " the hand moves the circle outside trying those who cut work and end panel, record monitor respectively (CRT) the machine tool coordinate that the → of machine tool coordinate that shows → of coordinate of machine tool of the X that tries A of point of tangency, Z rolls out program origin O rolls out program start H " train of thought is right knife. Order the concern of the machine tool coordinate that nods with O according to A: XO= XA - Φ D, ZO =ZA, can roll out the machine tool coordinate of program origin O. The workpiece coordinate that nods to O according to H photograph again is (100, 50) , roll out the machine tool coordinate that H nods finally: XH=100 - Φ D, ZH= ZA+50. The workpiece coordinate department that such building is the workpiece coordinate department that builds with the position of point of a knife of fiducial knife. Graph 1 hand is moved try if the graph is shown 2 times,cut pair of knife sketch map, what act way of the X that is placed in tool carrier, Z as a result of each knife is stretchy differ with the position, should be not fiducial knife dislocation to arrive when treatment position, photograph of B of position of point of a knife has to A dot slant buy, the workpiece coordinate that builds so is fastened no longer applicable. In addition, every are using cutting tool what different level still can appear in the process to wear away, because this knife of each knife slants,buy is mixed wear away the value needs to undertake compensating. Obtain each knife knife to slant the fundamental of buy is: Each knife all aims datum mark of the some on workpiece (if pursue,O is nodded) , the machine tool coordinate that shows as a result of CRT is different, the machine tool coordinate that because this will be not fiducial knife,the machine tool coordinate that is in in this bits passes artificial computation or systematic software computation subtracts fiducial knife is being nodded likewise, the knife that received is not fiducial knife each slants buy. Graph of 2 cutting tool slant buy and wear away the effect that compensation suffers a variety of elements, the hand is moved try those who cut pair of knife ways is very finite to knife precision, call pair of knives of this one phase be opposite roughly knife. To get more accurate result, if the graph is shown 3 times, design inside limits of spare parts mental allowance before treatment simple try automatically cut a program, through " try automatically cut → to measure → error to compensate " train of thought, repair the program start position that moves fiducial knife and the knife that are not fiducial knife to slant repeatedly buy, make procedure treatment dictates the error of value and real measured value achieves precision requirement, call pair of knives of this one phase be opposite accurately knife. Because make sure start of fiducial knife program is in exact position is to get accurate blame,fiducial knife knife slants the premise of buy, because this was amended commonly former hind amend latter again. Integrated pair of knives of these two phase, try cut a law to be as follows to the main operation flow of the knife: Move with fiducial knife hand try the knife that cuts the machine tool coordinate that gets pair of knife datum mark to → is calculated artificially or obtain each automatically to be not fiducial knife to slant buy → fiducial knife is in probably fiducial knife of → of program start position is called repeatedly try cut a program, after measuring size, be entered with the pace or tool carrier of MDI fashion shift undertakes the error is compensated, the positional → that amends its program start is not fiducial knife to be called repeatedly try cut a program, slant in former knife the knife is amended to slant on the foundation of buy buy → fiducial knife is in exact program starting point to be not moved. Graph 3 much knives try cut pair of knife sketch map 2, a few kinds be opposite roughly knife method brief summary is undermentioned preparative work homogeneous phase is the same as pair of knives of every kinds of method: In systematic MDI function child bolt by F2 below menu, enter a knife to slant watch; With ▲ , key mobile blue shines a knife to each knife correspondence slant date place, press F5 key; Slant the knife date slants for the X of #0000, #0001, #0002, #0003, #0004 buy, Z slants the data of buy all repairs instead 0, press F5 bolts again. 1.

Fiducial knife is make choice of standard knife, automatic setting knife slants if buy law pursues 1, the graph is shown 4 times, be as follows to knife measure: (1) shines with blue of shift of ▲ , key a knife that aims 2 fiducial knives slant office of date #0002 position, the key that press F5 installs 2 knives to be standard cutting tool, be in become red to shine all right. (2) tries with fiducial knife cut workpiece right end panel, the notes tries the coordinate of Z machine tool of A of point of tangency; Try the circle outside cutting work, record the coordinate of X machine tool that A nods, after retreating a knife, jockey, measure already D of Φ of external diameter of cutting shaft part. (3) fiducial knife is passed by record value " the dot is moved + the pace is entered " dot of means regain A, slant in the knife of the watch try cut diameter and try cut length Φ is inputted respectively inside column D and 0. (4) retreats a knife, the knife bugler that chooses to be not fiducial knife is moved change a knife, the point of a knife that lets be not fiducial knife each is in next main shaft is rotational passing respectively " the dot is moved + the pace is entered " dot of A of alignment of means range estimation, slant in corresponding knife respectively next of date try cut a diameter column and try cut the input inside length column Φ D and 0, the knife that is not fiducial knife each slants buy can slant in X, Z buy pen point shows automatically. (After A of regain of 5) fiducial knife is nodded, MDI moves " G91 G00/ or D] Z50 of G01 X[100- Φ " , make its are in program start position. Graph 4 fiducial knives install a knife automatically to slant for mark knife buy sketch map 2.

Will fiducial knife is managing coordinate place to knife datum mark 0, show the knife slants automatically if buy law pursues 1, the graph is shown 5 times, be as follows to knife measure: (1) and before narrate measure (2) identical. (2) fiducial knife is passed by record value " the dot is moved + the pace is entered " means regain tries A of point of tangency. (3) in the graph 4 interfaces bolt by F1 " X axis buy 0 " , the key that press F2 " Z axis buy 0 " , criterion CRT shows " relatively actual coordinate " for (0, 0) . (4) hand is moved change be not fiducial knife, make range estimation of its point of a knife is nodded to neat A, show on CRT at this moment " relatively actual coordinate " numeric, it is this knife photograph slant to the knife of fiducial knife buy, with ▲ , key mobile blue shines slant to the knife that is not fiducial knife date, record its respectively and input corresponding position. (5) and before narrate measure (5) identical. Graph 5 fiducial knives are opposite buy of coordinate of knife datum mark 0 show the knife slants automatically buy sketch map 3.

Much knife tries shaft part of the circle outside cutting, artificial computation obtains a knife to slant buy law is shown 6 times like the graph, the system uses position in the hand next good is opposite 1, 2, 4 knives, cut axis of a step, record terminus of each knife cutting respectively (if pursue 6 in F, E, D is nodded) machine tool coordinate, measure each paragraphs diameter and length. Change 3 to cut off a knife, cut the one chamfer that retreat a knife, nod pair of knives in order to cut off the right needle of the knife, record B nods coordinate, measure the Φ D3 of graphic representation and L3. After obtaining afore-mentioned data, the coordinate increment of dot of the F according to each knife correspondence, E, D, B and program origin O concerns, the machine tool coordinate of the program start of knowable and fiducial knife is (X2- Φ D2+100, z2-L2+50) ; And the machine tool coordinate that can roll out each to be not origin of course of fiducial knife correspondence obtains a knife to slant through artificial computation buy, if computational method expresses 1 to show, the record value and computational value write part of corresponding blank space. Here wants to notice: Try cutting length is to show workpiece coordinate came at 0 o'clock try cut terminus between of Z direction have to the distance, decide by reference axis direction, negative direction. Graph hand of 6 much knives is moved try cut sketch map to express 1 blame the knife of fiducial knife slants buy computation expresses this law to try cut a course simple, leave out range estimation is right the move that tries point of tangency together, but the knife slants buy needs artificial computation to obtain. If will contain the computational watch with formulary computation to print,come out, numerical value fills the computation inside its correspondence blank space, slant with respect to knife of very can fast cipher out buy. Graph system of numerical control of turning of 7 centuries star is opposite automatically knife sketch map 4.

System of numerical control of century star turning, much knife is opposite automatically knife law afore-mentioned is opposite knife method all is opposite knife to slant law. HNC-21T undertakes through professional the set of parameter and system are debugged, still can let an user choose " absolutely knife slants law " to the knife. Absolutely knife slants the law is on machine program work out with before narrate opposite knife to slant the law differs somewhat, needless building workpiece coordinate with G92 or G54 is, also need not cancel a knife to fill, example can refer to program O1005. Its are as follows to knife measure: The system is answered 0 hind, if the graph is shown 6 times, let each knife part the hand is moved try cut one cylinder paragraph, after measuring diameter and length size, by the graph 7 are shown fill in each knife correspondence the knife slants of date try cut a diameter to cut length fence at trying inside, the basis is in " much knife tries shaft part of the circle outside cutting, artificial computation obtains a knife to slant buy law " in the principle that tell about, systematic software can be automatic cipher out the machine tool coordinate of origin of course of each knife correspondence, achieve thereby be opposite automatically the purpose of the knife. This kind is the quickest to knife method, special agree with industrial production. 3, a few kinds be opposite accurately to knife method brief summary accurately knife phase total train of thought is " try automatically cut → to measure → error to compensate " . Error compensation divides kind of case: To fiducial knife MDI moves or the pace compensates position of its program start into mobile tool carrier; Fiducial to be not knife compensates its knife to slant buy or wear away value. To avoid to record a disorder, the form that design watch shows 2 times is recorded and computation is numeric. Watch 2 try cut a law to be opposite knife record sheet (unit: Mm) 1.

After fiducial knife amends program start position, repair tone to be not fiducial knife knife to slant each alone again buy law is shown 3 times like the graph, be as follows to knife measure: (1) fiducial knife is in be opposite roughly the program start position after the knife, each blame fiducial knife knife slants buy input slants to the knife the corresponding position of the watch. (The O1000 program that 2) calls L2 of × of treatment Φ D2 tries cut. (3) measures the diameter of cutting shaft part and length, dictate with the program the value is compared, beg an error. (4) pace enters shift or MDI runs error cost, long debug start position. (5) basis measures size, the instruction numerical value of underline of program of dynamic modification O1000 saves a program, repeat measure (2) , (3) , till start of fiducial knife program is amended to be inside precision limit till, the machine tool coordinate of start of the program after the record is amended and coordinate buy 0. Express the 3 errors that try automatically to measure dimension and order injunction value actually what cut columnar shaft part to compensate citing (unit: Mm) 2.

Each knife repairs respectively debug start seat law the principle is pair of knives of this law: Each knife all amends position of its program start, assure to aim place of same process origin secondhand thereby. If the graph is shown 3 times, be as follows to knife measure: (Fiducial knife is in 1) 2 date to be opposite roughly the program start position after the knife, and each blame fiducial knife knife slants instead all is repaired after buy is recorded 0. (2) comes (5) pace is opposite accurately with the first kind pair of is the same as serial number knife measure of knife method are same. (6) is changed respectively be not fiducial knife, slant the knife that records roughly to the knife buy regards as the opposite coordinate that is not start of fiducial knife program, call O1000 program to try cut, measure Di of Φ of each paragraphs of diameter and length Li respectively (I=1, 4, 3) , dictate with the program the value is compared, seek cost bussiness trip. (7) pace enters shift or MDI moving tool carrier undertakes the error is compensated, repair tone to be not the program start position of fiducial knife each respectively. (8) repeats measure (6) and (7) , till till each are not fiducial knife program,the position of start is inside precision limit. (The opposite coordinate that 9) shows CRT regards as new knife slants buy, the input slants to the knife the corresponding knife of the watch slants the X of date, Z slants inside buy column. This law goes to the lavatory simply, amendatory knife slants the machine tool that buy shows by CRT directly gets relative to coordinate, avoided artificial calculative error, taller to knife precision. 3.

Long attune is fiducial after position of knife program start, repair tone to be not fiducial knife knife to slant entirely at the same time again this method is opposite buy law as accurately as the first kind knife method is basic and same, the place that differs exclusively depends on measure (the program that calls in 7) is the O1003 program that called 3 knives treatment at the same time (2 knives machine O1004 take out paragraph for O1003 program) , the others measure is same. 4.

If use opposite knife to slant,4 knives write tone law at the same time the law is opposite roughly knife, slant the gotten knife that is not fiducial knife each first buy input slants to the knife the corresponding position of the watch, run the O1004 program that 4 knives machine, measure Di of Φ of each paragraphs of diameter and length Li respectively (I=2, 1, 4, 3) , beg a machining error. To fiducial knife, move with MDI or the pace compensates error value into mobile tool carrier, long debug start position; Fiducial to be not knife, slant in former knife on one hand the knife is amended to slant on the foundation of buy buy, will new knife slants buy inputs a knife to slant afresh the X of the watch, Z slants inside buy column; Still should fill what should go to wear away on the other hand inside column. If use absolutely knife to slant,the law is opposite roughly knife, call O1005 program to try cut, in its the machining error compensation of each knife corresponding knife slants of date wear away inside column. 4, last word afore-mentioned all sorts of is opposite knife method, it is the comprehensive summary that the author understands pair of knife principles in development and combinative China undertakes on the foundation of the characteristic of system of mediaeval star turning, all methods already all passed practice test and verify. Education practice makes clear, these methods are handy, practical, effective, textual research of skill of car of can contented numerical control and the precision that industry produces ask. Be opposite in thick, essence in a variety of methods of the knife, from assure pair of knife precision and give attention to two or morethings considers knife efficiency, the author is recommended use " much knife is opposite automatically knife law + 4 knives write tone law at the same time " or " fiducial knife is opposite knife datum mark manages coordinate place 0, show the knife slants automatically buy law + each knife is repaired respectively debug start seat law " or " fiducial knife is managing coordinate place to knife datum mark 0, show the knife slants automatically buy law + long attune is fiducial after position of knife program start, repair tone to be not fiducial knife knife to slant entirely at the same time again buy law " assorted plan. Pair of knife train of thought in article, suit lathe of education numerical control not only, also suit lathe of numerical control of type of production, agree with not only China in numerical control system also agrees with system of other numerical control, have fair promotion value. CNC Milling