The applied analysis of cutting tool of new-style pottery and porcelain reachs his to consider

Metallic cutting treatment is industry the quality of the the the basiccest, most extensive, heaviest level matters to machining directly efficiency in production, product and make wanted technology, it affects the efficiency that industry manufactures and cost to use up directly. Metallic cutting cutting tool regards the foundation that cutting machines as one of equipment, the cost that its grow, to the development of mechanical production technology rate is having decisive effect. Be like pottery and porcelain, making synthetic diamond, cubic nitrogen to change hard alloy of boracic, coating to appear what wait in succession as material of new cutting tool, the fundamental craft that metallic cutting and cutting tool technology regard modern production technology as and outfit also were entered each in order to develop high speed cutting, the cutting technology with new development, accelerate cutting tool structure to change the development new level that is a feature. The cutting function of cutting tool of 1 new-style pottery and porcelain is in cutting process, decide the actor bad of function of cutting tool cutting, often the material from cutting tool cutting part, why appearance and respect of cutting tool structure undertake an analysis, and the analysis of cutting tool material is main research target with traditional hard alloy. As the ceaseless development of modern technology, traditional hard alloy cutting tool is competent very hard or cannot realize the treatment of material of pair of certain high strenth, tall hardness at all, and because cutting tool of pottery and porcelain has very good wearability, red rigid, comfortable dry treatment is tall hard data. Although be below the high temperature of 1350 ℃ of 1200 ～ ,still can continue cutting, and as small as metallic affinity, cut bits to stick a knife not easily, not easy generation accumulates bits tumour, treatment surface surface roughness is worth small. It still can undertake high speed cutting, reduce the frequency that change a knife and the on size error that wear away as a result of cutting tool and cause, improve productivity and product quality greatly, get consequently the attention of people. Concern data report according to abroad, the development application of cutting tool of pottery and porcelain in industrial developed country is very fast, some already achieved cutting tool to always form compared 10% above. The United States is machined with cutting tool of hot pressing pottery and porcelain cold hard cast-iron (when HRC66) and high temperature alloy, adoption cutting dosage is very tall (V=610m/min, ap=6mm, s=0.

5mm/r) improved productivity greatly. Although our country is not as poor as the foreign country on the research level of cutting tool of pottery and porcelain, but actual application progress is slower, according to the concerned data report before 1994, at that time, cutting tool of domestic pottery and porcelain occupies the scale of total cutting tool not to exceed 1% , the circumstance just in time that uses at auto industry and numerical control machine tool in great quantities with abroad is contrary, basically still use at machining the hard alloy cutting tool such as water pump, roller hard the rough machining of cutting workpiece, in accurate treatment application is compared little. The brand of razor blade of pottery and porcelain and series of performance list pottery and porcelain and brand density (G/cm3) hardness (HRA) bending strength (Si3N4 of MPa) utility specialty base series FD05Si3N4 3.

41 92.

Cast-iron wool of 5 1000 HRC<62 adds cutting of feed of labour, interrupted cutting, strong muscularity. Heatproof shake character is good, strength is good, impact resistance is good, but unwell at cutting high strenth steel. FD01[Si3N4+TiC] 3.

44 93.

The rough machining of tall alloy cast iron of 5 800 HRC<65, alloy steel reachs rough machining of tall manganese steel. High temperature resistant performance is good, intensity is inferior to FD05, but wearability is good. FD03[Si3N4+TiC] 3.

Mill of essence of the cast-iron finish machining of 9 94 750 HRC<65, high speed. Performance of high speed cutting is especially good, can with casting pig of mill of essence of V ≤ 1000m/min. Si3N4-Al2O3 base series FD04Si3N4-Al2O3+TiC 3.

85 93.

5 800 treatment is good cast-iron, nodular cast iron and alloy of Ni radical high temperature. High temperature resistant performance is good, big feed of iron of comfortable Yu Zhu is machined. Al2O3-Ti(CN) base series FD22[Al2O3+TiCN] 4.

The hard steel of temper by dipping in water of HRC65 of finish machining of 75 94 800 or alloy cast iron. Wearability is good, can realize hard steel of temper by dipping in water era is ground or grind with mill generation with the car. (Note: The parameter in the watch is Beijing data of limited company of square big ceramics) be in early 20 centuries of 70 time in later period, tsinghua university changes silicon with respect to nitrogen of successful development factory (cutting tool of Si3N4) pottery and porcelain, and in the world most came true to use hot pressing first (cutting tool of Si3N4) pottery and porcelain, to a variety of difficult treatment material (black lead of hard steel of temper by dipping in water, cold good cast-iron, hot mind, glass reinforced plastics) have a variety of process (lever of car, mill, screw cutting, silk is carried buckle etc) treatment application, aroused the attention of domestic and international academia and interest, a few famous magazines of American scientific journal and other country ever reported and affirm this one achievement, nowadays, "Tsinghua square big " the compound nitrogen of development changes cutting tool of pottery and porcelain to have very tall hardness and strength, and admirable wearability, red rigid and fight oxidisability. The value of room temperature hardness of razor blade of its pottery and porcelain achieves HRA92.

94 bending strength already achieved 5 ～ 750 ～ 1000MPa, although be in,the cutting of 1450 ℃ of 1200 ～ still can undertake cutting below temperature. Cutting rate rises 3 ～ than hard alloy 10 times, cutting durability raises 1O ～ 100 times, cutting efficiency raises 3 ～ 10 times, can machine what hardness is as high as HRC65 to exceed hard data, the price also compares foreign petty gain. Tsinghua square bit of old pottery and porcelain ever obtained Beijing international exposition 1991 golden cup award, its are expressed on the brand of razor blade of pottery and porcelain and function rank partly. The cutting tool of advantage pottery and porcelain of workpiece of cutting of cutting tool of 2 new-style pottery and porcelain has a lot of advantages, although what get used to treatment material and cutting speed limits should compare cutting tool of general hard alloy to be gotten greatly much, but, as by the change of circumstance of cutting spare parts, its cutting function also can appear bigger change, accordingly, the material character that must be aimed at place cutting spare parts and structural case come model of razor blade of pottery and porcelain of actor choosing first-rate. Current, razor blade of FD01 pottery and porcelain already became a lot of factory rough machining of all kinds tall hard alloy cast iron, cold hard cast-iron main cutting tool, but razor blade of FD01 pottery and porcelain is in cutting is tall when material of hard alloy steel, because appear,grow crescent moon of face of the knife before cutting bits to bring about to wear away depression, make its die blade. At the same time because FD01 is not electric, cannot use the figure of razor blade of cut of electric spark line, restricted scope of application. The razor blade of pottery and porcelain of FD03 compound Si3N4 that after adding carbide and other part, appears, although intensity has a bit reduce, but wearability increases, apply to high speed cutting consequently. To get used to hard steel of finish machining temper by dipping in water and the FD22 of Al2O3-TiCN cermet razor blade of development, already reached new level. When using hard steel of temper by dipping in water of 40Cr of cutting of FD22 cermet razor blade. Durability greatly razor blade of excel other pottery and porcelain. Cutting time is longer, grind a lock less. For example: Temper by dipping in water of vehicle of fine of cutting tool of use FD22 cermet comes forcedly HRC58 ～ when the 86CrMoV7 steel roller of 63, in V=60m/min, F=0.

2mm/r and Ap=0.

When 8mm, cutting distance Lm15420m, machine Ra1 of exterior surface roughness.

Below 6µm, the requirement of acting kibble of vehicle of fine of completely full enough. Accordingly, use cutting tool of new-style pottery and porcelain, can improve treatment efficiency, substantially managing treatment man-hour and electric power, can obtain bigger economic benefits, but W of managing and many precious heavy metal, Co and Ti. And the production of traditional hard alloy cutting tool should use up many earth to go up rare the strategic metal W that be short of, Co, Ti, and cutting tool of pottery and porcelain is with the richest element silicon in the lithosphere (Si) for raw material, accordingly, cutting tool of pottery and porcelain has wide applied perspective. The application of cutting tool of 3 new-style pottery and porcelain analyses cutting condition: 55 cutting of ～ of hard HRC50 of temper by dipping in water of workpiece material 40Cr dosage: V=41 ～ 44m/min, f=0.

1mm/r, ap=0.

The geometrical angle of 3mm lathe tool: G0=5 ° , kr=45 ° , er=0.

8, b1 × G1=0.

30 ° of 4 × of hard steel of temper by dipping in water of 40Cr of vehicle of fine of cutting tool of cermet of FD22 of CA6140 common lathe wear away comparative curve (note: Comparative parameter wearing away in the watch is Beijing data of limited company of square big ceramics) because cutting tool of pottery and porcelain has the performance with durable sex, tall hardness, chemical good stability, accordingly, apply to dry cutting treatment is cast-iron with Cui fire steel, and comfortable the requirement at craft of cutting of contemporary high speed. Manufacturing industry is the main source that generates environmental pollution, and the advantage exploration that uses data of existing cutting tool does cutting new technology, it is one of tendencies that prospective metal cutting develops. In recent years, especially industrial developed country, take dry type cutting seriously very much, to carry out environmental protection politics, it is to study energetically more, develop and implement method of this kind of new-style treatment. Long-term since, using cutting liquid is to raise cutting tool life and the vital technology element that machine quality all the time, but the aggravation that also brought about zoology environment, and also increased to make cost. According to the statistic of American enterprise, in cooling treatment system, the 14% ～ that cutting fluid holds totle drilling cost 16% , cutting tool cost occupies 2 % ～ 4% . Accordingly, the economic developed country such as the United States, Germany, Japan takes the research of treatment doing type seriously very much. According to measuring, usually, if reduce the use of cutting fluid,can save 10% ～ the finished cost of 15% . Industry industry of Europe is in big batch production, have 10 ～ about the cutting treatment of 15% had used dry type cutting. Accordingly, the development direction that prospective cutting machines is use cutting liquid less as far as possible. When cutting tool of dry type cutting is designed, coating of material of the geometrical point of view that should consider cutting tool, cutting tool, razor blade, and pottery and porcelain and cermet cutting tool have the characteristic with hardness of hear resistance, high temperature, chemical good stability, accordingly, agree with dry type cutting is cast-iron with hard steel of temper by dipping in water. As the development of metallic cutting technology, the semifinished product of the spare parts makes precision rise, those who implement a part is little be being machined without cutting already was contemporary the trend of a kind of development of production technology. Use cutting tool of pottery and porcelain to be able to come true to be ground with car generation, reduce process, shorten craft course, improve productivity, be opposite especially the treatment effect of annulus of inside and outside of bearing of a few scroll is better. When cutting tool of pottery and porcelain is being used and blade is ground, answer to differ with what machine means according to workpiece material, pass a test, choose the geometrical parameter of brand of cutting tool of pottery and porcelain and cutting tool correctly. The radius of circular arc of point of a knife with general bigger selection (R=1.

2 ～ 2.

0mm) , older point of view pouring arris (25 ～ 35 ° ) ; Edge uses emery wheel of making synthetic diamond commonly, on common tool grinding machine blade is ground, emery wheel granuality is optional 240# of 18 0 ～ , cutting tool point cannot appear toothed mouth, blade grinds surface roughness not under Ra=1.

6µm, with diamond oil Shi Yan is ground cream long grind, when cutting of high speed big feed or the rough machining that pound muscularity, the machine tool should have enough power and tigidity, cutting tool should be repaired grind piece lose edge. Cutting tool of pottery and porcelain is cut be machined slow feed wants before material, prevent initiative collapse knife. Cutting tool of 4 epilogue pottery and porcelain has very tall wearability, it has better chemical stability than hard alloy, can be machined in the cutting below high speed condition and the time with longer to be continued, improve efficiency more on average than using hard alloy cutting tool 3 ～ 10 times. It can come true to be ground with car generation, what cast with mill generation is efficient " good processing technique " and " dry cutting technology " , raise a spare parts to machine exterior quality. Implementation does type cutting. Have wide applied perspective to operating ring condition is polluted and reducing production cost. Can foreknow, cutting tool of new-style pottery and porcelain is machined to cutting forward progress of direction of high speed, efficient, high accuracy will come into being very big urge action, its promotion application will machine craft to bring to metallic cutting change, change traditional cutting tool material and cutting technology, economic man-hour, electric power, machine tool takes up a number and manufacturing area 30% ～ 70% , economic strategical precious metal, bring enormous economic benefits thereby. CNC Milling