A kind of simple and easy numerical control planer wears away automatically to compensate a method automatically to knife and cutting tool

When using numerical control planer to machine plane and simple spare parts, normally the exact location of nonexistent cutting tool and cutting tool tatty compensate a problem, but when should using the part that machining sectional contour line is complex curve (the sectional contour line that is like rotor of Luo Ci pump is mixed by 4 paragraphs of 4 paragraphs of circular arc, epicycloid composition of 4 paragraphs of involute, pump of large water annulus the contour line of impeller blades by multistage and linear comprise with circular arc, they are mixed to precision of the dimension precision of workpiece, molded lines position appearance precision has taller requirement) , photograph of point of a knife affects the treatment precision of workpiece directly to the position of rest of workpiece. As a result of work measure surplus is big, large, thick finish machining often is undertake on same table machine tool, thick finish machining should use different cutting tool, phenomenon of blade of cutting tool collapse happens from time to tome, because this makes treatment same already a workpiece, cutting tool also needs for many times to change sometimes. Every time outfit changes a knife, ask the point of a knife of cutting tool is located in same position of rest. Additional, with same machine the knife many workpiece or a large work, wear away to also can exceed permission level sometimes in what machine the cutting tool in the process, do not undertake cutting tool tatty is compensated, the size of workpiece can appear out of tolerance. Want to realize the high accuracy treatment of workpiece, the exact location of cutting tool and problem of compensation of cutting tool tatty are essential get be settlemented very well. The fixed position problem after install at the beginning of cutting tool and changing has planing machine of ordinary numerical control normally two kinds of means of settlements: It is to try cut a way; 2 it is to use pair of knife piece setting method. But two methods are not precision difference, operate inconvenience namely. Of cutting tool wear away compensation, it is below the condition that knows cutting tool wear extent ability undertakes normally, but cutting tool tatty is online detect the complex issue that itself is a bad implementation. For this, research finish compose what simple, operation goes to the lavatory is automatic wear away to compensate device automatically to knife and cutting tool. The knot composition of a picture of 1 device 1 pair of knives and cutting tool wear away compensation unit plan is shown 1 times even if the numerical control planer of author design is opposite automatically knife and cutting tool wear away to compensate device automatically. The structure of this device is very simple, by right 3 parts form knife piece, dielectric and base. Whole apparatus is secured through bolt by base go up in workbench. Pass X together to knife device and workbench to the shift that servo electric machinery makes horizontal way, cutting tool does fluctuation to move to control of servo electric machinery by Z. Right knife piece and base have a terminal each, both between will be isolated from by dielectric. Right the groove of knife piece is comprised by two cant and a plane, call pair of knives oblique plane and to knife underside. Be opposite among them the mesa of knife underside and workbench is parallel, mobile to the around of knife cant and planing tool direction is parallel. To assure the precision to the knife, right the cant of knife piece and underside ask to have taller flatness and low surface roughness. Graph signal of 2 pairs of knives detects circuit detects to knife signal circuit, if pursue 2 show. It basically is mixed by parts of an apparatus of coupling of a photoelectricity composition of resistor of two current limliting. Right the line of two signal output on knife piece serves as input signal to receive signal to detect respectively the two inputs end of circuit, form circuit of a switch, the collateral interface that outputs signal to accept numerical control system 8155. Look from circuit, in the graph 1 in because base passes workbench, lathe bed and cutting tool,be linked together, terminal 2 also be linked together with point of a knife. Be opposite when point of a knife and either when knife surface contact, signal detects circuit smooth lotus root implement glow diode can guide, glow, photosensitive dynatron also guides, output carries n to meet by become high low. After point of a knife leaves pair of knife areas, the access of glow diode is closed, glow stops, output end restores to be tall n again. This signal regards the input of numerical control system as signal, the point of a knife of judgement of on any account that basis of numerical control system inputs signal n and right whether is knife piece contacted. Method of 2 pairs of knives is in namely to the knife outfit knife and when changing a knife, the dimensional position that determines at workpiece some through making park of its point of a knife opposite to the adjustment of cutting tool position (to knife origin) . If workpiece installs the position on workbench to decide, so want point of a knife to decide relative to the position of workbench only, posture of point of a knife is firm also to the position of workpiece. It is likewise OK to the position of workbench to because this is passed,adjust cutting tool photograph the goal that achieves pair of knives. Pair of knives of planer, the requirement determines the position of point of a knife on two azimuth, it is perpendicular azimuth, another is horizontal azimuth. To the graph 1 is shown to knife device, point of a knife is perpendicular azimuth is decided by photograph of point of a knife to the position to knife underside, horizontal azimuth is decided by photograph of point of a knife to the position of cant of two pairs of knives. Search with point of a knife namely to the process of the knife right to be being mixed over knife underside between knife cant the problem of some midpoint. Set pair of knife origin to be in the 20mm of upper part is in pair of knife piece among cant of two pairs of knives, be as follows to knife method: Control workbench and cutting tool shift above all, the upper part that makes cutting tool is in pair of knife underside (height is not restricted) ; Move below control cutting tool, be in next moving in the process, every are down make a move, detect whether are point of a knife and bottom contacted to knife face. Should detect when the signal that contacts pair of knife faces to point of a knife, control cutting tool stops next moving, be worth Z coordinate to clear, control cutting tool to move up next 5mm; Control workbench is left move, make right cutting tool of pair of knife cant tend, should detect contact of point of a knife is right to knife cant when, workbench stops shift, x coordinate is worth to clear; Control workbench turns over directional shift, in the meantime, the record measures L along the displacement of this direction. Should detect knife head bring into contact with is left to knife cant when, workbench stops shift. Control workbench is left move to be opposite to two side the intermediate position of knife face (namely L/2 is in) . 15mm moves on control cutting tool, x, Z two coordinate are worth to clear. The position that right now point of a knife is in is pair of knife origin of set namely. In 6 measure of above, the first pace should move a function to finish with the hand of numerical control system, other measure should design to be finished automatically to knife program. 3 cutting tool wear away those who compensate point of a knife is fore-and-aft wear away, can make of nadir of cutting tool point of a knife move locally, be equivalent to going up to knife origin move; Point of a knife wears away transversely what can create position of center of cutting tool point of a knife is left slant or right slant, be equivalent to be opposite knife origin is left slant or right slant. Carry pair of swords, can make get automatically to knife origin resumptive, of cutting tool wore away to also get be compensatinged automatically. Wear away in cutting tool below the circumstance with rapidder rate, in the process of treatment, can use the method to the knife for many times to realize cutting tool tatty online compensation. Compensate a function automatically to knife and cutting tool tatty, when wanting to designing numerical control system, as a function module is designed. Make the numerical control system of lead plane to introducing a PC, if do not have pair of knife programs, OK also and alone design is opposite knife program. Average PC has collateral I/O interface with all sorts of numerical control systems, accordingly besides photoelectricity coupling parts of an apparatus, realize this one function not to need the interface circuit of adscititious other. In understood knife and pair of cutting tool to wear away after compensatory train of thought, can design a program to realize this one function. Not be a difficult question to the design of knife program, the design writer of particular program is made here did not introduce. 4 last words should have simple to knife plant construction, cost to knife method the characteristic with low, convenient operation, what can solve cutting tool at the same time is automatic compensate a problem automatically to knife and cutting tool tatty, and wear away to knife and cutting tool compensatory precision is tall, because this should have very strong use sex to knife method, there is higher promotion application value in system of planer numerical control. This planer numerical control that already developed in the author to knife method applies in the system, obtained very good use result. CNC Milling